![]() ![]() The mechanical, thermo-physical and dielectric properties exhibited by titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN) and similar titanium-metalloid (TiX) compounds, on the one hand, render the aforesaid substances appealing candidates for myriads of technological applications, and on the other hand, serve as motivation to a considerable number of investigations aiming at elucidating the nature of chemical bonds involved therein. It is also suggested that the high mechanical hardness of TiC and TiN can be explained without evoking strong covalence. Our results clearly demonstrate the dominantly ionic bonding characteristics of TiC and TiN. The ELF approach was initially validated through typical examples of covalent-bonding Diamond (C) and ionic-bonding sodium chloride NaCl. Using ab initio density functional theory calculations, the electron localization function (ELF) of typical transition metal carbide TiC and nitride TiN were computed and analyzed to reveal their nature of the chemical bonds. Keywords: Ab Initio Calculation Chemical Bond Electron Localized Function TiC TiN Nevertheless, the hydrogen bond is still essential to organisms as it is responsible for the formation of the secondary and the tertiary structures of nucleic acids and proteins.1National Research Council Canada, Aerospace Portfolio, Ottawa, CanadaĢAstronomy and Physics Department, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, CanadaĮmail: Jrevised Septemaccepted September 15, 2012 The hydrogen bond, though, is a weaker chemical bond than ionic bonds at most. Hydrogen bond forms when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond forms an electrostatic link with the more electronegative atom of a polar covalent bond in the same or another molecule. Similar to the ionic bond, the hydrogen bond entails an electrostatic force. Hydrogen bondĪs the name implies, a hydrogen bond is a chemical bond wherein hydrogen serves as a bridge between two atoms. The larger the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms is, the more ionic it is. ![]() One of the ways to tell that a bond is ionic is by looking at the electronegativity. Nevertheless, a chemical bond that appears to be more of an ionic than a covalent, then it is deliberated as an ionic bond. It is argued that no absolute transferring of electrons exists and that an ionic bonding has some sort of covalent character in it. The bond that forms between the atoms does not result in the formation of a salt. Many of the ionic compounds are referred to as salts since they can be formed by the neutralization reaction between a base (e.g. ![]() The electrostatic attraction between anion and cation forms an ionic compound. Conversely, the atom that is weakly electronegative loses electron(s) and becomes a cation.Įlectronegativity of one atom is not strong enough or is somewhat the same as that of another atom, thus, the atoms tend to share rather than get or give electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration The atom that is strongly electronegative can gain electron(s) and becomes an anion. The strong electronegativity of one atom attracts electron(s) from another atom. the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards it) The compound that results in an ionic bond is called ionic compound.Ĭovalent bond is formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms of two elements, such as between two non-metals.Įlectronegativity (i.e. Ionic bond is formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms of one metal and one non-metal. Here is a tabulated summary of the major differences between ionic bond and covalent bond: 1 While covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms, an ionic bond involves the transferring of electrons from one to another in order to achieve the stable configuration. An ionic compound formed by acid-base reactions and without those ions is called a salt. Conversely, an ionic compound that has hydroxide (OH –) or oxide (O 2-) is classified as a base. Therefore, the oppositely charges ions in an ionic compound combines and balancing each other out resulting in a net charge of zero (0).Īn ionic compound that has hydrogen ions (H +) is classified as an acid. It is made up of a cation (Na+) and an anion (Cl-) held together by an ionic bond.Īn ionic compound will be made up of both positive and negative ions. An example of an ionic compound is the sodium chloride, NaCl. Thus, a substance that is made up of only one type of atom is not a compound but a chemical element.Ī chemical compound in which the bond that holds atoms or particles together is called an ionic compound. A chemical compound is a substance comprised of more than one type of atoms. Chemical bonds, such as ionic bonds, help form a chemical compound. ![]()
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